Ukubeka isisekelo sempilo enokuthula ngemva komsebenzi kudinga a isu lokuthatha umhlalaphansi elicatshangelwe kahleLokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma, kuwo wonke umsebenzi wabo, bebambe imisebenzi eminingana noma beshintshana phakathi komsebenzi okhokhelwayo kanye nokuzisebenza. E-Spain, ingxenye enkulu yabantu isebenza ochungechungeni lwezinkontileka zesikhashana noma igcina imisebenzi eminingana ngesikhathi esisodwa, okuphakamisa imibuzo mayelana nokuthi iminikelo yezenhlalakahle yenziwa kanjani nokuthi izimpesheni zibalwa kanjani kulezi zimo.
Inhloso ikabili: ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuqonda umthelela wokuqashwa kwabantu abaningi kanye nemisebenzi eminingi kuhlelo iminikelo, isisekelo sokulawula kanye neminyaka yokuthatha umhlalaphansiNgakolunye uhlangothi, kubalulekile ukuklama isu lemali engenayo eningi elihambisana nempesheni kahulumeni ngokutshalwa kwezimali, ukukhetha okuhlakaniphile kwemisebenzi, kanye nohlelo lokusebenzisa imali oluzinzile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanelekile ukucabangela isici senhlalakahle: ukuhlala umatasa ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo kuyisihluthulelo... Jabulela umhlalaphansi omude nosezingeni eliphezulu.
Imisebenzi eminingi nemisebenzi eminingi: imiqondo nezibopho
Olimini lwansuku zonke, asetshenziswa ngokushintshana, kodwa awafani. I-Social Security ichaza ukuqashwa okuningi njengesimo sesisebenzi esihlinzeka ngamasevisi ezinkampanini ezimbili noma ngaphezulu futhi esinikela ohlelweni. umbuso ofanayoKuhunyushwe: Unabaqashi ababili noma ngaphezulu futhi bonke bakukhokhela iminikelo yezokuphepha kwezenhlalakahle ngaphansi kohlelo olufanayo, isibonelo, I-General Scheme.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuqashwa kwabantu abaningi kwenzeka lapho umuntu ngesikhathi esisodwa efaka isandla ekuvikelekeni komphakathi. imibuso emibili noma ngaphezulu ehlukenenjengomuntu osebenzela omunye futhi obhalisiwe njengomuntu ozisebenzelayo. Lo mehluko wezomthetho ushintsha indlela iminikelo ehlanganiswa ngayo futhi uthinte imikhawulo ethile namabhonasi.
Esinye isibopho okungafanele sishaywe indiva: isimo sokubamba imisebenzi eminingi kufanele sibikwe Kwabezokuphepha Komphakathi. Nakuba abaqashi nabo bebika lokhu, i ekugcineni unesibopho sesaziso Isisebenzi ngokwaso. Ngale ndlela, izisekelo, izinhlobo, kanye nemikhawulo kusatshalaliswa ngendlela efanele.
E-Spain, futhi ngokusho kwe-Active Population Survey, baseduze Abantu abangu-450.000 emisebenzini eminingiLesi sibalo sinikeza inkomba ecacile yobubanzi bento nokuthi kungani kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda imiphumela yayo yokuthatha umhlalaphansi.
Iminikelo emisebenzini eminingi: ubuncane, ubukhulu kanye nokusabalalisa ngokulinganayo
Uma unemisebenzi eminingana njengesisebenzi ngesikhathi esisodwa, izisekelo zomnikelo zengezwa ndawonye ngaphakathi kwe uhlelo olufanayo Lokuvikeleka KomphakathiNokho, lesi samba singaphansi kwemikhawulo. Ngokuvumelana ne-Oda ye-TMS/83/2019, isamba sazo zonke izisekelo zomnikelo asinakuba ngaphansi kobuncane noma sikhulu kunomkhawulo osungulwe ngaleso sikhathi, isibonelo, u-€1.050 ngenyanga ngesisekelo esincane kanye no-€4.070,10 ngenyanga ngenani eliphakeme. isisekelo esiphezulu lokho kwachazwa kukuzivocavoca okukhulunywe ngakho ngenhla.
Ukuze kusetshenziswe le mikhawulo, izinkampani zabela iminikelo ngokulingana nomholo eziwukhokhayo. Umkhawulo omkhulu usatshalaliswa kubo bonke abakhokhayo ngokulingana nomholo ohambisanayo enkampanini ngayinye, futhi ubuncane buhlukaniswa ngokulinganayo. Umqondo uwukuthi iminikelo ephelele ihlonipha imingcele. kungeyisikho ngokweqisa kumbe ngesici.
Kunephuzu elibalulekile: kungakhathaliseki ukuthi mangaki amahora owaqongelelayo kuyo yonke imisebenzi eminingi, awukwazi ukubala izinsuku ezengeziwe zeminikelo engaphezu kwesilinganiso esiphezulu. Usuku olusetshenziwe lubala inani eliphakeme losuku olulodwa lweminikelo. Lona umqondo obalulekile ovimbela umbono oyiphutha wokuthi imisebenzi eminingi ikuvumela ukuthi... ukusheshisa ukubalwa kweminyaka.
Ngokwengxenye, i-coefficient yokuphindaphinda ye 1,5 Ukubala izinsuku ezisetshenziwe, kodwa ingqikithi yenani lezinsuku alikwazi ukudlula inani lezinsuku zokusebenza zangempela. Ngamanye amazwi, kunomthetho kanye nomkhawulo.
Impesheni yomhlalaphansi enemisebenzi eminingi: isisekelo sokulawula kanye neminyaka yokufaneleka
Lapho kubalwa impesheni, isisekelo sokulawula kanye neminyaka yeminikelo iyangena. Isisekelo sokulawula sicabangela lokhu okulandelayo: iminyaka engu-25 yokugcina yeminikeloLokhu kuhlanganisa ukubala izinyanga ezingu-300 zesisekelo somnikelo nokuhlukanisa ngo-350, ngokuya ngendlela emisiwe. Eminyakeni eyedlule, njengo-2021, izisekelo zokunikela ezingama-336 zasetshenziswa zahlukaniswa ngezinyanga ezingama-288, umkhuba osekuphelelwe isikhathi.
Uma kuqoqwa imisebenzi eminingi njengesisebenzi, isisekelo sokulawula sibalwa kusetshenziswa i- isamba sezisekelo kubo bonke abakhokhi, njalo ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo. Yingakho, ezimweni eziningi, isisekelo somnikelo singase sibe phezulu uma bekunomsebenzi owodwa kuphela, nakuba singeke seqe isilinganiso esiphezulu esisungulwe ngaleso sikhathi.
Mayelana neminyaka yokufinyelela, umthetho ojwayelekile ubeka umhlalaphansi ojwayelekile eminyakeni engama-66 uma iminyaka engama-37 nezinyanga ezi-3 zeminikelo ingafinyelelwanga, noma Iminyaka engama-65 uma leso sikhathi seqiweNgokobakaki ocashunwe ngo-2021 futhi oqhubeka nokulungiswa kancane kancane kuze kube u-2027. Ukuqashwa kwabantu abaningi akukuvumeli ukuveza iminyaka yokuthatha umhlalaphansi ngoba, njengoba sekushiwo kakade, iminikelo ayenziwa izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezingu-365 ngonyaka wekhalenda.
Ngamafuphi okusebenza: imisebenzi eminingi ikuvumela ukuthi uqongelele iminikelo yempesheni kuze kufike ezingeni eliphezulu, ubale usuku olulodwa ngosuku osetshenziwe, futhi awusheshisi iminyaka yakho yokuthatha umhlalaphansi. Lolu wuhlaka olucacile lwe phatha okulindelekile futhi uhlele kangcono.
Izithako ezisemthethweni zokuqinisa izimpesheni
Kukhona izithasiselo eziklanyelwe ukwandisa inani lemali yempesheni efakwayo. Phakathi kwazo kukhona isengezo sokunciphisa igebe lobulili, esisebenza ezimpeshenini ezinikezwa kusukela ngoFebhuwari 4, 2021, kuye phambili futhi okuthi, ngo-2025, kube nenani lemali. Ama-euro angama-35,90 ngenyanga ngengane ngayinye ngezine, ezingafinyelela ku-143,60 euros ngenyanga, zikhokhwe ngezitolimende eziyi-14.
Mayelana nezidingo, abesifazane kufanele babe abamukeli bempesheni efakwayo (impesheni yomhlalaphansi, yokukhubazeka, noma yomfelokazi) futhi babe okungenani nengane eyodwa ebhaliswe ku-Civil Registry. Amadoda kufanele afakazele ukuthi awabo umsebenzi wobungcweti wathinteka ngokuzalwa noma ngokutholwa, ngokuhambisana nezimo ezithile ezishicilelwe yi-Social Security.
Lesi sithasiselo sihambisana nempesheni etholakalayo futhi sisiza ekunciphiseni ukungalingani okungokomlando. Kuyancomeka ukuthi uhlole ukuthi ingena kahle kangakanani ohlelweni lwakho lwemali yomhlalaphansi, ngoba... encane eqhubekayo plus kuthuthukisa ukuhamba kwemali konyaka.
Ezinye izindlela zokutshala imali ukuze uthole imali eyengeziwe
Ukuze ugweme ukuthembela empeshenini kahulumeni kuphela, kuyatuseka ukuthi kusungulwe isu lokutshala izimali ezihlukene. I-lifetime annuity ishintsha imali yokuqala ibe yi-a imali engenayo eqinisekisiwe ngezikhathi ezithile ukuphila, okunikeza ukuzinza lapho ubhekene nokuphila isikhathi eside.
Izimali zokutshalwa kwezimali zivumela ukuhlukahluka kuzo zonke izimpahla, izifunda, nezitayela, ukulungisa ukuchayeka kwengozi kuphrofayela yomuntu ngamunye. Ukukhetha kudinga ukucatshangelwa kwezindleko, isu, ukungaguquguquki, futhi, kunjalo, uqonde ukuthi uthengani.
Amabhondi kahulumeni ayinketho elandelanayo futhi ngokuvamile anezela insika yokuzinza kuphothifoliyo. Angangena njengengxenye kabhasikidi wemali engenayo engashintshi enciphisa umthelela wokwehla kwamandla emali. ukuntengantenga kwemakethe.
Izindlu ezithengiswayo zihlala zisezingeni eliphezulu. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ngokusebenzisa ukuthenga-kuya-let noma izindlela ezifana nezikweletu ezibuyela emuva, umgomo wakho ukukhiqiza imali engenayo noma uguqule izimpahla ezithengiswayo zibe ukheshi ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukusetshenziswa kwekhaya ngezindlela ezithile.
Izinhlelo zempesheni ezizimele nezinye izimoto zokulondoloza umhlalaphansi zinganezela ekongeni isikhathi eside. Ngisho nangemva kokuthatha umhlalaphansi, abanye bayakuvumela ukuthi uqhubeke nokunikela. izinzuzo zezimali ezihluka ngokuya ngemithetho yamanje. Ukhiye uhlale ulele emithelela yentela nasekuhleleni isikhathi sokuhlengwa.
Amasu omsebenzi: ukuthatha umhlalaphansi ukubambezeleka kanye nokuthuthukiswa komsebenzi
Ukulibazisa ngokuzithandela ukuthatha umhlalaphansi okujwayelekile kunemivuzo yakho. Lokho okubizwa ngokuthi ukuthatha umhlalaphansi ukubambezeleka kunikeza izinketho ezintathu: ukwanda okufika ku 4% unyaka ngamunye ogcwele Umsebenzi wesikhathi esengeziwe, isamba senkokhelo lapho usuthatha umhlalaphansi, noma imodeli exubile. Kuyithuluzi elinamandla lalabo abawujabulelayo umsebenzi wabo nabafuna ukukhulisa impesheni yabo.
Ukuze uthole umhlalaphansi obambezelekile, kufanele ube usufinyelele iminyaka yokuthatha umhlalaphansi esemthethweni njengamanje, ungakafaki isicelo sempesheni ngaphambilini, futhi uqongelele okungenani Iminyaka engu-15 yeminikelo futhi uqhubeke nokusebenza futhi ukhokhe ohlelweni. Uma izidingo sezifeziwe, kuba yindaba yesu lomuntu siqu.
Kusukela mhla lu-1 kuMbasa wezi-2025, kuzoqala ukusebenza izinyathelo ezizuzisa ikakhulukazi izisebenzi ezizisebenzelayo ezikhetha ukuhlehlisa umhlalaphansi wazo, ngezinzuzo ezengeziwe kanye nethuba lokuhlanganisa ingxenye yempesheni nomsebenzi wokusebenza ezimweni ezithile, indlela evulekayo. inhlanganisela entsha yemali engenayo.
Kuyasiza futhi ekuqiniseni umsebenzi wakho: funa ukukhushulelwa esikhundleni, xoxisana ngokukhushulwa kweholo, qhubeka nokuthuthuka kwakho, futhi ungazikhiphi izinkampani ezishintshayo uma kuphakama izimo ezingcono. Amaholo angcono namuhla... izisekelo zeminikelo phezulu kusasa, futhi lokho kuba nomthelela ngqo enani lokugcina.
Kungani kuwumqondo omuhle ukuhlela ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka
Ukuhlelela ukuthatha umhlalaphansi kugwema ukungaqiniseki futhi kukhulisa umphumela wenzalo ehlanganisiwe. Ukwelula isigaba sokonga nokutshalwa kwezimali kuvumela isikhathi sokukhula. sebenza ngokuthanda kwakhoNgokushesha uma uqala, yilapho kuyodingeka ulungise indawo eningi ukuze uphendule izinguquko zomuntu siqu noma zemakethe.
Ukwehluleka ukusebenza ngesikhathi kunezindleko: ukunciphisa indlela yakho yokuphila, ukuzifaka engozini enkulu kunalokho okuvunyelwe yiphrofayela yakho, noma ukuqeda izimpahla ngezikhathi ezingafanelekile. Ngomgwaqo ocacile, uzophumelela. ukuzinza nenkululeko ukuzinikela kunoma yini ozizwa ngayo kuleso sigaba.
Phakathi kwezinzuzo zokuhlela ngobuhlakani ukuthula kwengqondo, ikhono lokwamukela ukushaqeka (ukwehla kwamandla emali, ukuguquguquka, izindleko zezokwelapha), namandla okunquma ukuthi uzosetshenziswa kanjani futhi nini. Qondanisa izinhloso zakho ne isu lokonga nokutshala imali ngesilinganiso sakho.
Udinga imali engakanani? Izinto, isibalo, nemikhuba ewusizo
Isibalo esiqondile esomuntu siqu, kodwa kukhona okuguquguqukayo kwendawo yonke: iminyaka yokuphila, indlela yokuphila oyifunayo, ukwehla kwamandla emali okulindelekile, izindleko zokunakekelwa kwezempilo, imithombo yemali engenayo yesikhathi esizayo, isikweletu, inzuzo elindelekile, nezindleko ezingaguquki. Ukubeka izinombolo ezingokoqobo esigabeni ngasinye kukunikeza a inhloso elinganisekayo.
- Isikhathi sokuphilaUkuphila isikhathi eside kudinga imali eyengeziwe noma amanani okuhoxiswa ahlakaniphile.
- Indlela yokuphilaNoma ngabe ubheke ukuhamba, ukuphishekela izinto zokuzilibazisa, noma ukuphila impilo ethule, ibhajethi yakho izosho umcamelo odingekayo wezezimali.
- Ukwehla kwamandla: kucekela phansi amandla okuthenga; faka ukucabanga okunengqondo ekuqageleni kwakho.
- Impilo nokunakekelwa: igcinelwe ukwelashwa, umshwalense kanye nokuncika okungenzeka.
- Imali engenayo yamanje neyesikhathi esizayoIzimpesheni, imali engenayo, izabelo, kanye nerenti kuhlanganisa ukugeleza.
- isikhwama sezimo eziphuthumayoIvikela imicimbi engalindelekile ngaphandle kokuba nomthelela ekutshalweni kwezimali ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
- IsikweletuUkuyehlisa ngaphambi kokuthatha umhlalaphansi kugwema umthwalo kusabelomali sanyanga zonke.
- Ukubuyiselwa okulindelekile: qondanisa iphothifoliyo nephrofayela yakho kanye nomkhathizwe wesikhathi.
- Izindleko eziqhubekayoUhlu lwanyanga zonke nolonyaka ukuze ubeke umkhawulo wakho wenhlalakahle.
Njengomthetho wesithupha, umthetho obizwa nge-4% uphakamisa ukuthi iphothifoliyo ehlukahlukene ingakwazi ukusekela ukuhoxiswa konyaka 4% wemaliAkuwona umthetho, kodwa umhlahlandlela okufanele ulungiswe mayelana nokwehla kwamandla emali, okulindelwe yimbuyiselo, kanye nesimo sakho sentela.
Indlela enhle iwukwenza ukonga ngokuzenzakalelayo, ubuyekeze uhlelo ngezikhathi ezithile, ufune imali eyengeziwe, futhi wakhe iphothifoliyo ehlukahlukene futhi eyongayo. Isiyalo ekunikeleni inyanga nenyanga kanye ne ukuguquguquka ukulungisa Lapho izimo zakho zishintsha, kwenza umehluko.
Izibali zempesheni ziyithuluzi eliwusizo lokubuka izibalo ngokushesha. Uma ufuna ukunemba ngokusekelwe kudatha yomuntu siqu nemithetho yamanje, isifanisi Sokuvikeleka Komphakathi namathuluzi ebhange akhethekile akuvumela ukuba wenze kanjalo. cwenga izimo.
Inani leseluleko sochwepheshe
Umeluleki omuhle ukusiza ukuthi uchaze imigomo yakho, uthuthukise isimo sakho sentela, ukhethe imikhiqizo efanele, futhi uphendule izinguquko zemakethe. Leso siqondiso siyakunikeza indlela kanye nombono okuvame ukungafinyelelwa kuphela ngokufundwa noma ngokuqhathanisa.
Ngaphezu kokusekelwa, kunezinhlangano ezichwepheshile nezinhlangano ezinamazinga okuqeqesha, njenge-EFPA Spain, emele amashumi ezinkulungwane zabeluleki nabahleli. Ukuba nomuntu okhuluma ngokucacile ngezindleko, izingozi, intela, nezinye izindlela ezingokoqobo kubaluleke kakhulu. igolide elihlanzekile.
Uma ungazi ukuthi ungaqala kuphi, ukubuka kuqala isifanisi sokuthatha umhlalaphansi kuzovula amehlo akho kumabanga okonga, imbuyiselo edingekayo, kanye nemithelela yokulibazisa noma yokuletha izinqumo eziya phambili. Kusukela lapho, a uhlelo lwangokwezifiso uzokwenza okusele.
Okuqukethwe eSpain: idatha, imfundo yezezimali kanye nokubikezela
Izinombolo ziphakamisa ukuthi lokhu kufanele kuthathwe ngokungathi sÃna. Ngokusho kwe-INE's 2024 Living Conditions Survey, i 5,6% yalabo abangaphezu kuka-65 Oyedwa kwabayisithupha osethathe umhlalaphansi ubika ubunzima obukhulu bokuziphilisa, kanti omunye u-10,2% udonsa kanzima. Cishe oyedwa kwabayisithupha osethathe umhlalaphansi unenkinga yokukhokha izindleko eziyisisekelo, isimo esibhebhethekiswa ukwehla kwamandla emali.
Kukhona nokuntuleka kokuhlela: I-SantalucÃa Institute ibika ukuthi U-39% awuzange uhlele Umhlalaphansi wabo wawuhlelwe kahle, futhi u-28% wawufinyelela ngaphandle kokonga. Yingakho imfundo yezezimali, ukulingisa impesheni, nezeluleko kuyizinsika. Njengoba i-CENIE's Imithetho Eyishumi Yezempilo Yezezimali isikhumbuza, yethu isimo sezinqumo izinga lokuphila lekusasa.
Okokuqala, kuyasiza ukubona ngeso lengqondo indlela ofuna ukuphila ngayo: lapho ofuna ukuhlala khona, noma ngabe uyafuna ukuhamba, nokuthi hlobo luni lokunakekelwa ongathanda ukulibona uma kwenzeka uncika. Unaleso sithombe engqondweni, yenza ibhajethi yezindleko zakho ezingashintshi (ukudla, izinsiza, izinto zokuhamba, ukunakekela ikhaya, umshwalense, imithi, ukwelashwa, njll.), bese wengeza izintela kanye nokwehla kwamandla emali futhi ulungise imali engenayo nokonga.
Mayelana nokuphila isikhathi eside, i-INE (National Institute of Statistics) yabeka iminyaka yokuphila ngo-2023 eminyakeni engama-85,8 kwabesifazane kanye 80,3 kwabesilisaUkuhlelela iminyaka engu-20 noma engu-30 yokuthatha umhlalaphansi kuyisiqalo esihle sokugwema ukuwa.
Ukuze ulinganisele impesheni yakho, ungaqalisa ukulingisa kuwebhusayithi Yomnyango Wokufaka, Ukuvikeleka Komphakathi Nokufuduka. Ukuba nalolu lwazi kukusiza ukubala igebe ngempesheni yakho yamanje. imali engenayo eqondisiwe vele uchaze ukuthi uzogcina malini ngenyanga ngayinye.
Intela nemikhiqizo: okufanele ukwazi
Izinhlelo zempesheni zikhokhiswa intela uma ukhipha izimali; iminikelo iyafaneleka ukubanjwa, nakuba lokhu kulinganiselwe kakhulu namuhla. Ziwusizo uma uqonda izinzuzo zazo. intela kanye nezimali ezikhokhwayoNgokufanayo, izimali zokutshalwa kwezimali zinikeza ukubonakala (ngayinye nekhodi yayo ye-ISIN), izinhlobonhlobo, kanye nokwenzeka kokudluliselwa ngaphandle kwentela, okuvumela ukulungiswa isu elisebenzayo.
Abanye ochwepheshe baveza ukuthi, ekongeni isikhathi eside okungeke kuthinteke kuze kube yilapho usuthatha umhlalaphansi, isikhwama esihle singaba nenzuzo enkulu futhi sibe nezindleko eziphansi kunezinhlelo ezithile, inqobo nje uma sikhethwe ngobuhlakani. Iphrofayili yengcuphe nomkhathizwe yizici ezibalulekile. izici ezimbili ezibalulekile lapho nginquma.
Uma ungumnikazi wendlu, kunezindlela zokwenza imali ngayo: ukusuka ekuliqashiseni kuye ekuqashweni kwentuthuko, izikweletu ezihlehlisayo, noma ama-annuities esaphila. Lokhu kufanele kube yindlela yakho yokugcina uma... Bekungekho ukulondoloza okwaneleKodwa kuhle ukwazi ngayo uma idingeka.
I-Decluttering: indlela yokusebenzisa ngaphandle kokuqeda imali oyilondolozile
Kufika isikhathi lapho kugxilwa khona kusuka ekuqongeleleni ingcebo kuya ekusebenziseni ngokuhlakanipha. Ukwehliswa kwezimali kuhlanganisa ukuguqula ukonga kube yindlela yokuthola imali esimeme, kuncishiswe ubungozi bokuphelelwa yimali ngokushesha okukhulu kanye nokuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwayo. umthelela wezezimali kokuhoxiswa ngakunye.
Izinselele ezivamile: ukuntengantenga kwezimakethe (ngisho noma imali engenayo engashintshi), amandla okuthenga acekela phansi amandla okuthenga, ingcuphe yokuphila isikhathi eside, nokwanda. izindleko zokunakekelwa kwezempilo ezizimele Uma inhloso kuwukwengeza ukunakekelwa kwezempilo komphakathi ngokunciphisa izikhathi zokulinda noma ukuthuthukisa ukunethezeka ngesikhathi sokuhlala esibhedlela okungabalulekile, khona-ke uhlelo oluguquguqukayo luyadingeka.
Kunamaqhinga amaningana: ukuhoxiswa konyaka ngesilinganiso esinqunyiwe (iphesenti lempahla), indlela esekelwe esikhathini esebenzisa obhasikidi noma amakhyubhu (isikhathi esifushane, esimaphakathi, nesikhathi eside), noma amasu aguquguqukayo alungisa ukuhoxiswa kwemali ngokuya ngembuyiselo nezidingo. Ngamunye unobuhle nobubi; ubuciko bulele ekuhlanganiseni nabo ukulinganisa ukuzinza nokukhula.
Ngokombono wentela, kungase kube kuhle ukuthi uqale uthole imikhiqizo engenakudonswa ngempatho ezuzisayo yokuhlengwa (ngokwesibonelo, ama-PIA uma emukelwe njengemali yeminyaka yonke yokuphila kanye nezimfuneko, imikhiqizo exhumene namayunithi, izimali zokutshalwa kwezimali ezikhokhiswa intela kuphela ngembuyiselo futhi ngokusekelwe ekongeni, noma i-SIALP/CIALP) bese kuhlehliswa amathuluzi intela ehlehlisiwe njengezinhlelo zempesheni noma i-PPA, izinzuzo zazo ezikhokhiswa intela ku-IRPF njengeholo lokuqashwa.
Ungakhohlwa ukuhlela izindlu: imithetho yesifunda, indawo yendawo, nezimo zomuntu siqu zizonquma isu elisebenza kahle kakhulu lokudlulisa impahla. Umeluleki angakusiza ukuthi uhlele ifa lakho. intela kanye ne-liquidity.
Ukuhlanganisa imali engenayo eqinisekisiwe (impesheni yomphakathi, ama-annuities) nemali engenayo eguquguqukayo (utshalomali lwezezimali) kunikeza ukuzinza namandla okukhula. Ukulinganisa kabusha iphothifoliyo kanye nokulungisa ukusetshenziswa kwemali ngokubona ngokuvumelana nezimakethe nempilo yezezimali kubalulekile. ukhiye wokuqina.
Uma ufuna ukubala ukuthi ungayikhipha kanjani kancane kancane imali oyilondolozile, kukhona izifanisi ezithile zokuhoxiswa, njengalezo ezinikezwa ezinye izinhlelo zezimali, ezilinganisa amanani. isikhathi semali kanye nokuzwela enzuzweni kanye nokuqagela kokwehla kwamandla emali.
Ukuphila kahle ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo: enye insika yokuthatha umhlalaphansi
Ukuhamba nsuku zonke kuthuthukisa inhliziyo yakho, imisipha, nomoya. Ukuhamba ngezinyawo, i-yoga, noma ukubhukuda kuyimisebenzi ethengekayo ebuye isize ukuhlangana nabantu, into ebalulekile ukuze uphile impilo enempilo. impilo yengqondo.
Ukugcina ingqondo yakho isebenza futhi kwengeza iminyaka yekhwalithi: ukufunda, imidlalo yebhodi, umculo, noma ukufunda okuqhubekayo ngamakilasi angaphakathi komuntu noma ama-inthanethi kusiza ukulondoloza ukusebenza kwengqondo. ukuzizwa ugcwalisekile.
Uma ungathanda ukufunda okwengeziwe mayelana nemithethonqubo nezinqubo, ungathintana nabaqondisi abasemthethweni. Nansi insiza ewusizo evela ku-Social Security Administration: Landa umhlahlandlela we-PDFlapho uzothola khona ulwazi olusebenzayo mayelana nezici kanye ukucubungula.
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi imibandela eminingi evezwe lapha iguqulelwe kumongo weSpanishi ngokusekelwe emibhalweni yomphakathi nezithenjwa zomkhakha, okuhlanganisa nokuhlaziya okufundisayo. Ezinye izincazelo ziye zaba egqugquzelwe izincwadi ngaphakathi kwendawo yokuphepha komphakathi nangokuhambisana nemithethonqubo, intela kanye nohlelo lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lwaseSpain.
Uhlelo oluqinile lokuthatha umhlalaphansi lusukela ekuqondeni ukuthi imisebenzi eminingi inengxenye engakanani empeshenini yakho, ukusebenzisa izinzuzo ezengeziwe kanye nezinzuzo ezinjengokuthatha umhlalaphansi ukubambezeleka, ukwengeza utshalomali oluhambisana nephrofayili yakho yobungozi, kanye nokuklama isu eliphumelelayo lokuhoxa. Uma wengeza imikhuba enempilo kanye nolwazi lwezezimali kulokho, kungenzeka ukuthi uphumelele nakakhulu. gcina izinga lakho lokuphila futhi ujabulele lesi sigaba ngokuthula.