I-Verbena ingenye yalezo zitshalo eziyindilinga ezikhanyisa noma iyiphi indawo ngezimbali zayo ezincane, ezimibalabala. Ngezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-250 phakathi kohlobo lwe-VerbenaIvame ukubonakala ezingadini, kuvulandi, nasemabhodweni alengayo ngoba ijwayela kahle kakhulu futhi ayidingi ukunakekelwa okuyinkimbinkimbi. Uma ufuna isitshalo esibukisayo nesikhula kalula, izinketho ezimbalwa ezivuza njengalesi.
Ngaphezu kwendima yayo yokuhlobisa, i-verbena inendima ethakazelisayo emithini yendabuko, ikakhulukazi ezinhlotsheni ze-Verbena officinalis. Ama-infusions awo asetshenziswe ngokomlando ngemiphumela yawo ephumuzayo neyokugaya ukudla., nakuba ekulimeni kwethu kwansuku zonke engadini, esikukhathazayo ukuthi singayigcina kanjani inempilo ukuze sijabulele ukuqhakaza kwayo kusukela ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo kuze kube sekwindla, ngisho nasezimweni zezulu ezipholile cishe unyaka wonke.
Injani i-verbena?
I-Verbena a isitshalo se-herbaceous somndeni wakwaVerbenaceae Ngokuvamile inomkhuba wokulandela umkhondo noma wokulandela umkhondo, nakuba ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane ziqonde kakhulu. Ama-inflorescences ayo ahlanganisiwe, akhiwe inqwaba yezimbali ezincane, ezihlangene, zakha ama-cushions ombala amangalisa kakhulu, aphawuleka ngokukhethekile.
Ngokuqondene namahlamvu, iyaveza amaqabunga amahle, amise okwe-lanceolate, enombala omusha oluhlaza, osebenza njengesisekelo sezimbali ezingaba kusukela kokubomvu kuye kobomvana, okumhlophe, oku-violet, nokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Akuyona into engavamile ukuthi izinhlobo ezinwabuzelayo zifinyelele ukuphakama okungaba ngu-20-30 cm, kuyilapho ezinye, njenge-Verbena bonariensis, zifinyelela usayizi omkhulu kakhulu ezineziqu ezinde, ezincane.
Izinhlobo ze-Verbena ezifanelwe indawo
Ikhathalogi inkulu, ngakho-ke kuwumqondo omuhle ukwazi ezinye ezidume kakhulu ukuze wenze ukukhetha okufanele ngokusekelwe esikhaleni esitholakalayo kanye nomphumela oyifunayo. Bonke babelana ngesidingo sokugeleza kahle kwamanzi kanye nokukhanya okuningi., kodwa ziyahlukahluka ngobukhulu kanye nokusetshenziswa.
- I-Verbena bonariensis: ibonakala kakhulu ngeziqu zayo ezinde kanye nezimbali ezi-mauve-violet; ilungele ukwengeza ukuma nokunyakaza kumbhede wezimbali.
- I-Verbena eqinile: ephansi futhi ehlangene, enezimbali ezinsomi; isebenza ngokumangalisayo njengesembozo somhlabathi.
- I-Verbena canadensis (i-verbena yasengadini): ezinwabuzelayo, ezilungele imingcele nanjengesembozo esingaphansi ezindaweni ezinelanga.
- I-verbena yasePeru: i-rustic futhi ilula, isetshenziselwa kakhulu ukhaphethi onamabala ombala aphikelelayo.
- I-Verbena officinalis: ecashunwe kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwayo kokwelapha; ukubukeka okuhlakaniphe ngokwengeziwe nezimbali ezincane.
- Verbena hastata: ama-inflorescence amise okwe-spike kumathoni e-lavender noma a-violet; ibekezelela izimo ezimbi kakhulu.
- I-Verbena hybrida nezinye izitshalo zokuhlobisa (brasiliensis, corymbosa…): ama-hybrids aqhakaza kakhulu amabhodwe nemibhede yezimbali.
Ukukhanya okufanelekile nendawo
Uma ufuna i-verbena ngendlela engcono kakhulu, yinike ilanga. Idinga okungenani amahora angu-6 okukhanya okuqondile ngosuku ukuqhakaza kahle. Ezimweni ezishisayo kakhulu, kungcono ukunikeza ukukhanya noma umthunzi omncane phakathi nehlobo ukuvimbela izimbali ukuthi zibune ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Kumakhaloni nasemathafeni, yibeke lapho ingeke ifakwe umthunzi khona yizindonga noma ngezinsimbi isikhathi esiningi sosuku. Izitshalo ezineziqu ezinde kakhulu, amaqabunga aphaphatheka nezimbali ezimbalwa Ngokuvamile zidinga ukukhanya okwengeziwe: ziyise endaweni enelanga noma, uma lokhu kungenakwenzeka, zisekele ngokukhanyisa kokwenziwa.
Umhlabathi, i-substrate nebhodwe
Imfihlo yempumelelo ye-verbena wukukhipha amanzi. Ithanda inhlabathi ekhanyayo, enomoya ene-drainage enhleUma umhlabathi wakho unobumba futhi usinda, xuba nesihlabathi kanye ne-organic matter (umquba ovuthiwe) ukuze uvimbele ukugcwala kwamanzi.
Ebhodweni, sebenzisa i-substrate yesitshalo esingaphandle esine-loose-textured kanye nesitsha esinezimbobo eziningana zokudonsa amanzi. Ayidingi izimbiza ezijule kakhulu. ngoba ayikhuli izimpande ezinde kakhulu, kodwa iyawazisa umthamo owanele wokulondoloza umswakama ngaphandle kokuminyanisa.
Itshalwa nini futhi kanjani i-verbena
Isikhathi esihle sokutshala noma ukufakelwa kabusha i-verbena kusentwasahlobo, lapho ingozi yesithwathwa isidlulile. Ngakho-ke sebenzisa yonke inkathi efudumele ukuze uthathe izimpande futhi uqale uqine.Izimbali zokuqala zivame ukuvela ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo.
Ukulungiswa komhlaba
Sebenza inhlabathi ukuze uhlukanise ukubumbana futhi ususe amatshe amakhulu noma izimpande. Faka umquba ukuthuthukisa ukwakheka nokuzalaUma indawo igcina amanzi amaningi, faka nesihlabathi esimahhadla.
Uhlaka lokutshala
Shiya ukuhlukana phakathi kwezitshalo cishe 25-30 cm ukuqinisekisa umoya omuhle futhi uvimbele ukhunta. Ukujikeleza komoya okuncane kuyisihluthulelo ehlobo elinomswakama noma uma usebenzisa ukuchelela nge-sprinkler.
Ukubekwa nokuchelela kuqala
Faka izithombo ekujuleni okufanayo ezazikuyo esitsheni sazo sokuqala. Nisela ngokujulile ngemva kokutshala ukuze kulungiswe i-substrate. futhi ukhuthaze izimpande ukuthi zithintane kahle nomhlabathi.
Ukunisela i-verbena: imvamisa kanye nenani
I-Verbena ibekezelela isomiso kangcono kunamanzi amaningi, ngakho-ke kungcono ukunisela ngokusesilinganisweni. Gcina i-substrate imanzi kancane kodwa ingalokothi igcwale amanzi., ukuyiyeka yome kancane phakathi kokunisela ukugwema izinkinga zesikhunta.
Uhlelo lokunisela luncike esimweni sezulu, umoya, ukukhanya kwelanga kanye nohlobo lwenhlabathi. Ehlobo nasemabhodweni uzodinga ukuchelela kaningi., ngenkathi usengadini enenhlabathi exekethile, ukunisela okujulile kanye noma kabili ngesonto kungase kwanele. Okubalulekile ukuthi amanzi afinyelele endaweni yezimpande.
Iqhinga elihle lokugwema ukweqisa ukufaka umunwe wakho ku-substrate: Uma ubona amasentimitha ambalwa okuqala omile, sekuyisikhathi sokunisela.Gwema izimbali ezimanzisa ngokweqile namaqabunga; kungcono ukunisela isisekelo sesitshalo ukuze unciphise ingozi ye-powdery mildew.
Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokunisela kusesekuseni kakhulu. Ngale ndlela, amanzi asetshenziswa kangcono futhi amaqabunga ome ngokushesha., ukunciphisa ukwenzeka kwesikhunta lapho amazinga okushisa enyuka.
Umanyolo kanye nezakhamzimba
I-Verbena ayifuni uma kuziwa ekuvundiseni, kodwa iphendula kahle kakhulu ekunikezeni okulinganayo phakathi nesigaba sayo sokusebenza. Ungasebenzisa umanyolo owuketshezi ongu-10-10-10 (noma okufanayo) kuhlanjululwe ngethamo elinguhhafu njalo emavikini angu-2-3 phakathi nenkathi yokukhula nezimbali.
Uma ukhetha indlela eqinile, umquba ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kanye nokufaka ukukhanya kwesibili phakathi nehlobo kuzokwanela. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiliphi isu, sebenzisa njalo ku-substrate emanzi. ukuze ungalimazi izimpande futhi uqaphe ukusabela: uma lesi sitshalo siluhlaza futhi siqhakaza singayeki, asikho isidingo sokusiphoqa ngomanyolo owengeziwe.
Ukuthena nokunakekela
Ukuthena i-verbena kulula futhi kusebenza kahle kakhulu ekwandiseni ukuqhakaza kwezimbali. Susa izimbali ezibunile njalo (deadheading) ukuze isitshalo sigxilise amandla ekukhiqizeni amahlumela amasha esikhundleni sembewu.
Uma uqaphela ukuthi iziqu ziba zinde futhi zincipha kancane, zinqume kancane ukuze ulondoloze ukuma. Ungenza ukusikeka okuvelele kakhulu entwasahlobo. Lapho kuvela ihlumela lembali lokuqala, phinda ehlobo uma lingacocekile futhi ulihlole okokugcina ekwindla ukuze lingene kahle ebusika.
Kuyo yonke inkathi yokukhula, ungenza ukungenelela kokuhlanza okuncane. Susa izingxenye ezilimele noma ezindala kakhulu ukuvuselela isitshalo nokukhuthaza ukukhula kabusha okunamandla.
Ukuqhakaza: kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani nokuthi ungayithuthukisa kanjani
I-Verbena iqala ukuqhakaza ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo futhi, uma izwakala, ihlala iqhakaza kuze kube yikwindla. Ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esishisayo, ingakhiqiza izimbali cishe unyaka wonke., nakuba ukuphakama kwayo kuvame ukuba sehlobo.
Ukuze uvimbele ukuthi ungabuni, hlanganisa ukuchelela okuvamile, ukukhanya okuhle, nokumpintsha izimbali ezisetshenzisiwe. I-substrate ene-drainage emihle kanye nomanyolo ophakathi Zizoqhubeza ukukhiqizwa kwamahlumela ngaphandle kokwenza isitshalo sibe buthaka.
I-Verbena ebhodweni: ubude nokunakekelwa okuqondile
Ezitsheni, umjikelezo onamandla uvame ukugijima kusukela entwasahlobo kuya ekwindla. Izinhlobo ezingapheli zingaphila iminyaka eminingana uma zigcinwe kahle., kuyilapho ezonyaka zizodinga ukutshalwa kabusha njalo ngesizini. Ukunisela ezimbizeni eziwumngcingo kuntekenteke kakhulu: qiniseka ukuthi i-substrate ayiwomi ngokweqile noma icwiliswe izinsuku.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ama-verbena asebhodweni angase abonise izimpawu zokukhathala: izimbali ezincane, zimbalwa ngenani neziqu ezinokhuni. Ukuvuselela ngokusikwa nokuphinda kufakwe i-substrate entsha ngokuvamile kubuyisela ubungqabavu kukho konke.
Ukusakazeka: imbewu, ukusikwa nokuhlukaniswa
Kunezindlela ezimbalwa zokuphindaphinda i-verbena yakho futhi zonke ziyathengeka. Ukusuka enzalweni, ungahlwanyela ebusika ku-greenhouse noma endlini, phakathi kukaFebhuwari noMashi. Ukuhluma kuthatha cishe amasonto ama-3-4 uma ugcina izinga lokushisa elipholile kanye nomswakama olawulwayo.
Indlela esheshayo yokuhlanganisa isitshalo osithandayo ukusika. Thatha iziqu ezinempilo eziyi-10-15 cmSusa amaqabunga aphansi bese uwagxilisa enhlabathini ene-aerated yesihlabathi kanye ne-peat noma enhlabathini encane yokubumba. Zibeke endaweni efudumele enokukhanya okukhanyayo, okungaqondile futhi zigcine zimanzi, kodwa zingamanzi kakhulu.
Kwezinye izinhlobo zezilwane, ukuhlukaniswa kwe-clump ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo nakho kuyasebenza. Hlukanisa izingxenye ngezimpande zazo futhi uzithuthe ebhodweni noma engadini, ukuqinisekisa ukuchelela kancane ukuze kusungulwe.
Izinambuzane nezifo ezivamile
I-Verbena iqinile, kodwa ayithinteki. Phakathi kwamakhowe, powdery isikhutha kanye nokubola kwezimpande Zivela lapho kunomswakama ophezulu, umoya ongemuhle, noma amanzi amaningi kakhulu. Gwema ukuchelela amahlamvu ngendlela ehlelekile futhi uthuthukise ukugeleza kwamanzi uma ubona izinkinga.
Ngokuqondene nezinambuzane, i ama-aphid, izicabucabu ezibomvu nezimpukane Ziyizivakashi ezivame kakhulu. Gada ngaphansi kwamaqabunga namahlumela athambile; ukungenelela kusenesikhathi ngensipho ye-potassium noma umkhiqizo ofanele kuzovimbela ukulimala okwengeziwe. Ukuzisula ngebhola likakotini eliswakanyiswe ngesisombululo esinamanzi esincane kungaba usizo njengesinyathelo sokuvimbela ezindaweni ezivamile.
Ukubekezelelana kwesimo sezulu nokubanda
I-verbena ithanda isimo sezulu esifudumele. Ithanda isimo sezulu esipholile kunesimo sezulu esifudumele futhi ihlushwa isithwathwa.Ezifundeni ezibandayo, ingakhula njengonyaka ngaphandle uma ivikelekile, njengoba amakhaza amakhulu angabulala izingxenye zasemoyeni kanye nezimpande uma umhlabathi uba yiqhwa.
Gwema ama-drafts abandayo ebusika futhi, uma ekhule ebhodweni, iyise ekhoneni elivikelekile lapho amazinga okushisa ehla kakhulu. I-padding ekhanyayo ezungeze isisekelo nayo isiza ukuguquguquka okungazelelwe.
Kungani i-verbena yonaka nokuthi ungayigwema kanjani
Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu zezinkinga zivame ukubikezelwa. Ukunisela ngokweqile kanye nokungagelezi kahle kwamanzi Baholela ezimpandeni eziminyanisiwe kanye nesikhunta; Isixazululo siwukuba ukhiphe ukuchelela futhi ukhanyise i-substrate.
Ukuntuleka kwelanga eliqondile kunciphisa ukuqhakaza neziqu. Uma ingaqhakazi njengakuqala, hlola indawo yayo.Ingase futhi yehle ngenxa yokuntuleka komanyolo phakathi nenkathi noma ngenxa yokuguga kwemvelo kwesitshalo, okungalungiswa ngokuthenwa kabusha nokusikwa.
Ngabe i-verbena inuka kanjani?
Ngaphezu kokukhanga emehlweni, i-verbena inephunga elimnandi kakhulu. Iphunga layo lixuba amanothi e-herbal nokuthinta okusha kwe-citrus., etholakala emafutheni ayo abalulekile. Ivamise ukubonwa ngobumnene kakhulu ekuseni futhi izuza umfutho othile kusihlwa.
Incazelo kanye nelukuluku
Igama ngokwalo linomlando. Livela kwelesiLatini elithi "verbena", elixhunywe ku amakhambi angcwele asetshenziswa emikhubeni neminikelo, yingakho ukuxhumana kwayo okungokomfanekiso nobumsulwa nokuvuselela. Engadini yesimanje, uhlobo lwe-Verbena luzitholele indawo ngenxa yokuqina kwalo, ukuqhakaza okuhlala isikhathi eside, nokuguquguquka emingceleni, emibhedeni yezimbali, nakuvulandi.
I-Verbena iyisitshalo esilula nesisebenzayo: Ukukhanya okuchichimayo, ukuchelela kukalwa, i-substrate evulwe kahle kanye nokumpintsha okuvamile ziyifomula yokuyigcina ingenasici. Uma futhi ubheka ukungena komoya futhi ugcine umswakama owedlulele endaweni, uzoba nezinqwaba zombala kusukela entwasahlobo kuya ekwindla ngaphandle kokujuluka.
