Idatha yakamuva kakhulu isekela ukuthi i ukwethulwa kwamantongomane kusenesikhathi ekudleni kwezinsana kungashintsha inkambo ye-allergies. Ezinganeni ezisukela ezinyangeni ezine ubudala, ukunikeza amanani amancane ale allergen kuhlotshaniswa nayo ukwehla okuphawulekayo ekuxilongweni, umphumela ababhali asebewutholile kakade ezingeni labantu.
Ubufakazi obushicilelwe ephephabhukwini iPediatrics bukhombisa ukuthi ngemuva kokuvuselela imihlahlandlela yomtholampilo, Ukungezwani namantongomane ezinganeni ezineminyaka engu-0 kuya kwemi-3 iye yehliswa kancane kancane. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ochwepheshe bagcizelela ukuthi iSpain ne-EU zihamba ngendlela efanayo, nge izincomo phakathi kwezinyanga ezi-4 neziyisi-6 ukuze ukujwayela ukuchayeka ekudleni kwe-allergenic.
Okushiwo ucwaningo olusha
Umsebenzi, oholwa yithimba leSibhedlela Sezingane sasePhiladelphia futhi washicilelwa ku Pediatrics, kuhlaziye imilando yomtholampilo cishe 125.000 izingane kunqwaba yokubonisana kwezingane. Ukuqhathanisa izikhathi ngaphambi nangemva kwemihlahlandlela (2012–2015 uma kuqhathaniswa no-2017–2020), ukusabalala kokungezwani namantongomane kwehle 0,79% kuya ku-0,45%, kanye ne-IgE-mediated food allergies 1,46% kuya ku-0,93%.
Abacwaningi bachaza umthelela obonakalayo wezempilo yomphakathi: okokuqala, ukwehla kubonwe ngaphezu kwe-27% kulandela izincomo zika-2015 zezingane ezisengozini enkulu futhi, kamuva, ukwehla ngaphezu kwe-40% ngemva kokuwakhulisa ngo-2017. Ngamafuphi, izilinganiso zibonisa lokho amashumi ezinkulungwane zezingane kwagwema ukukhula kwe-allergies.
Nakuba lolu kuwucwaningo lokubheka futhi akulona uhlolo olungahleliwe, ochwepheshe bangaphandle balulinganisela ngokuthi isignali yabantu bokuqala ubufakazi obuqinile bokuthi ukushintsha ukuthi ukudla okuthile kwethulwa kanjani futhi nini kunganciphisa ukungezwani komzimba nezingane ezincane.
Ukusuka ekuhlakanipheni kuya ekushintsheni kwepharadigm
Kwaphela iminyaka, belulekwa ukuthi kuhlehliswe ukusetshenziswa kokudla okungase kube yi-allergenic kuze kube yiminyaka emithathu. Uhlolo lwe-LEAP, oludidiyelwe yiKing's College London, lwabonisa ngo-2015 ukuthi ukunikeza amakinati esemncane kunganciphisa ingozi yokungezwani komzimba ngaphezu kwalokho 80%, ngokuvikelwa okuqhubekayo ezinganeni eziningi ngesikhathi sokulandelela.
Lokhu kushintsha kudale imihlahlandlela emisha: ngo-2015, ukwethulwa kwe izingane ezisengozini enkulu, ngo-2017 ububanzi banwetshwa futhi, ngo-2021, izincomo zokwethulwa zahlanganiswa amantongomane nezinye izinto ezingezwani nomzimba phakathi kwezinyanga ezi-4 neziyisi-6 ezinganeni eziningi.
Imihlahlandlela eYurophu kanye nesicelo eSpain
Izincomo zaseYurophu, ezigunyazwe yi- I-European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology (EAACI), vumani: yethula amantongomane phakathi kwezinyanga ezi-4 neziyisi-6 ezinganeni ngaphandle kokusabela kwangaphambili. I-United Kingdom ne-France ikhiphe imihlahlandlela efanayo, futhi umkhuba wokwelapha eSpain kancane kancane uhambisana nalokhu. indlela yokuvimbela.
Imibhalo ebuyekeziwe ikhombisa ukuthi, ngokujwayelekile, asikho isidingo sokuthi a ukuhlolwa kwangaphambili ukuqala ekhaya, nakuba kuwumqondo omuhle ukuxoxa nganoma yikuphi ukukhathazeka nodokotela wakho wezingane. Umndeni ngamunye, nomhlinzeki wawo wokudlulisela, ungakwazi ukujwayela ijubane nomongo nezimo zabo ezithile.
Indlela yokwethula ngokuphepha amantongomane
Ochwepheshe batusa ukuqala amanani amancane kanye nokuthungwa okuhambisana neminyaka yobudala: isibonelo, ibhotela lamantongomane elihlanjululwe kakhulu kuxutshwe nephalishi noma iyogathi, noma okunye okufana nalokhu ubisi noma i-soy yogurtsUmgomo uwukudalula amasosha omzimba ngaphandle kokuzifaka engozini ngokungadingekile.
Kuphinde kuphakanyiswe ukugcina okuthile njalo ngesonto enezingxenye ezincane (izingxenye ezicishe zilingane nephizi) kumongo wokuphakelwa okuhambisanayo. Kunoma yisiphi isibonakaliso sokusabela, iseluleko siwukuthi yeka ukuthatha futhi ubonisane de inmediato.
Kwenzekani emzimbeni
Ukungezwani namantongomane kuwukusabela okulamulwa ngu Isenzo: Amasosha omzimba awaqapheli amaprotheni okudla futhi akhiphe amakhemikhali abangela izimpawu. Lokhu kuzwela kungahluka kuye ngomzila wokuchayeka kanye nesigaba sokuthuthuka.
Imibukiso iyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi isifuba kanye nokungakhululeki kokuphefumula iziqephu ezingaba zibi kakhulu ze-anaphylaxis. Ukuchayeka komlomo kusenesikhathi, okuhlanganiswe ekudleni, kubonakala kukhuthaza ukubekezelela ngokumelene nokuzwela kwesikhumba.
Ukutholwa ngokusebenza kwangempela
Naphezu kobufakazi, ukuqaliswa kwaba kancane kancane. Ucwaningo olucashunwe ocwaningweni lukhomba ukuthi a Ama-29% odokotela bezingane kanye nama-65% we-allergies asebenzise ngokugcwele imihlahlandlela eyandisiwe ngo-2017, ngenxa yokungabaza kokuqala kanye nokuntuleka kwesikhathi sokubonisana.
Ngokuhambisanayo, inani labanakekeli abanikela ngamakinati ngaphambi kwezinyanga ezi-7 kwakungama-17%. Futhi izincomo zokwethulwa kusenesikhathi zanikezwa kuphela u-10% wezingane ezisengozini enkulu kanye no-35% wezingane ezisengozini encane, izibalo ezingathuthuka ulwazi olucacile kanye nezinsiza ezingokoqobo.
Ama-nuances wamazwe ngamazwe nezinyathelo ezilandelayo
Akuwona wonke amazwe abone iphethini efanayo: ukuhlaziywa ku Australia naseSweden Abazange bathole ukuncishiswa okufanayo, mhlawumbe ngenxa yomehluko wendlela yokusebenza noma isampula. Izinto ezifana nokuphathwa kwe- i-eczema noma ukwehluka kokuhambisana nemihlahlandlela.
Ithimba lihlose ukuhlola isikhathi esifanele, imvamisa ephumelela kakhulu kanye nenani lokwakha ukubekezelelana. Ngale kwezinombolo, umgomo uwukuhlanganisa isu elisebenzayo elisizayo vimbela ukungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile emphakathini wezingane.
Ibhalansi edonswa yilolu phenyo icacile: ukwethulwa kwamakinati ngendlela ehleliwe phakathi kwezinyanga ezi-4 neziyisi-6 kuhlobene ukungezwani komzimba okuncane ebuntwaneni, Iziqondiso zaseYurophu zisekela le ndlela futhi imindeni ingaqhubekela phambili nodokotela wabo wezingane ku isicelo esivikelekile nesiqhubekayo.
